Tanthauzo la Chizindikiro cha Defocus
"Defocus" ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimasintha momwe maso akukulira chomwe chingasinthe kukula kwa diso lomwe likukula. Ngati kukondoweza kwa defocus kuperekedwa povala magalasi panthawi yokulitsa maso, diso lidzakula kupita kumalo komwe chizindikiro cha defocus chili kuti likwaniritse emmetropia.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati lenzi yokhotakhota ivala pa diso lomwe likukula kuti lipange negative defocus (ndiko kuti, focus ili kumbuyo kwa retina), kuti focus igwere pa retina, diso lidzakula mofulumira, zomwe zingathandize kukula kwa myopia. Ngati lenzi yokhotakhota ivala, diso lidzalandira positive defocus, kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa diso kudzachepa, ndipo lidzakula kukhala hyperopia.
Udindo wa Zizindikiro za Defocus
Zapezeka kuti zizindikiro za defocus za retina yozungulira zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulamulira kukula ndi chitukuko cha diso, makamaka pamene zizindikiro zapakati ndi zozungulira sizikugwirizana, zizindikiro zapakati zimakhala zolamulira. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zizindikiro za peripheral defocus zimakhudza kwambiri malamulo a emmetropization kuposa mkhalidwe wa central defocus!
Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti mukamavala magalasi achikhalidwe owonera kamodzi, cholinga chachikulu chimawonetsedwa pa retina, koma cholinga chapakati chimawonetsedwa kumbuyo kwa retina. Retina ya m'mphepete imalandira chizindikiro cha hyperopic defocus, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti diso likule komanso kuti myopia ikule kwambiri.
Kapangidwe ka magalasi a defocus
Magalasi ochotsera kuwala kwa m'maso okhala ndi ma point ambiri amapangidwa ndi kupangidwa motsatira mfundo ya peripheral myopia defocus, kuti chithunzi cha m'maso chigwere patsogolo pa retina. Panthawiyi, chidziwitso chomwe chimaperekedwa ku diso chidzachepetsa kukula kwa axis ya diso. Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wasonyeza kuti mphamvu yake yowongolera myopia imagwirizana bwino ndi nthawi yovala, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala kwa maola opitilira 12 patsiku.
Kafukufuku wokhudza kuchuluka kwa maso opangidwa ndi defocus myopia akusonyeza kuti defocus yowonera kutali ya zithunzi za retina imafulumizitsa kukula kwa maso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maso a diso atalikire komanso kukula kwa myopia. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, defocus yowonera pafupi ya zithunzi za retina imachedwetsa kukula kwa maso. Malo ofunikira omwe ali patsogolo pa retina chifukwa cha defocus yowonera pafupi amatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa maso koma sangafupikitse kutalika kwa m'mbali mwake.
Kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa axis ya diso yosapitirira 24mm, njira zabwino zopewera komanso zowongolera za myopic defocus zitha kutsimikizira kutalika kwa axis ya diso mwachibadwa akakula. Komabe, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa axis ya diso yoposa 24mm, kutalika kwa axis sikungafupikitsidwe.
Kuwala kwa ma lens ang'onoang'ono pa magalasi a maso kumapanga zizindikiro za myopic defocus mkati mwa diso, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa kukula kwa myopia. Komabe, kupezeka kwa ma lens ang'onoang'ono pa magalasi sikutsimikizira kuti amagwira ntchito bwino; ma lens ang'onoang'ono ayenera kugwira ntchito bwino choyamba. Chifukwa chake, ukadaulo wopanga ndi kukonza ma lens ang'onoang'ono pa magalasi umayesanso luso ndi ukadaulo wa makampani opanga zinthu.
Kapangidwe ka Magalasi Ang'onoang'ono Okhala ndi Ma Focus Ambiri
Popeza "chiphunzitso cha defocus" chayamba, opanga ma lens akuluakulu apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma lens a defocus. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, ma lens a multi-focus micro-lens defocus nawonso atulutsidwa limodzi pambuyo pa lina. Ngakhale kuti onse ndi ma lens a multi-focus defocus, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa kapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa malo ofunikira.
1. Kumvetsetsa kwa Magalasi Ang'onoang'ono
Mukakhala ndi magalasi a maso owonera kamodzi kokha, kuwala komwe kumachokera patali kumatha kugwa pa fovea, gawo lapakati la retina. Komabe, kuwala kochokera m'mphepete mwa retina, pambuyo podutsa mu lenzi imodzi yokha, sikufika pamalo omwewo a retina. Popeza retina ili ndi kupindika, zithunzi zochokera m'mphepete mwake zimagwera kumbuyo kwa retina. Pakadali pano, ubongo umakhala wanzeru kwambiri. Akalandira mphamvu imeneyi, retina imapita mwachibadwa ku chithunzi cha chinthucho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti diso lizikula m'mbuyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti myopia ikule mosalekeza.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira:
1. Retina ili ndi ntchito yokulira ku chithunzi.
2. Ngati chithunzi cha cornea yapakati chigwera pamalo a retina, pomwe chithunzi cha m'mbali mwake chigwera kumbuyo kwa retina, chimapangitsa kuti maso asamaone bwino.
Ntchito ya ma micro-lens ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo yogwirizanitsa kuwala ndi lenzi yowonjezera yowoneka bwino m'mphepete mwa retina kuti ikoke zithunzi za m'mphepete mwa retina kutsogolo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi za m'mphepete mwa retina ziwoneke bwino komanso kuti zigwere kutsogolo kwa retina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti retina igwire bwino kuti ipewe komanso ilamulire.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira:
1. Kaya ndi lenzi ya peripheral defocus kapena multi-focus micro-lens, zonse ziwiri zimakoka zithunzi za peripheral kutsogolo kwa retina kuti zipange peripheral myopic defocus pamene zikusunga bwino pakati.
2. Zotsatira zake zimasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zithunzi zomwe zili m'mbali mwa retina zomwe zimagwera kutsogolo kwa retina.
2. Kapangidwe ka Magalasi Ang'onoang'ono Ozungulira
Mu mawonekedwe a magalasi a micro-defocus okhala ndi ma multi-focus, timatha kuona mfundo zambiri za micro-defocus, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magalasi ozungulira okha. Poganizira njira zomwe zilipo panopa, magalasi ozungulira akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awa: magalasi ozungulira amphamvu imodzi, magalasi otsika osazungulira, ndi magalasi apamwamba osazungulira (omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mphamvu pakati pa pakati ndi mphepete).
1. Kujambula zithunzi za magalasi osakhala a micro-defocus kumakwaniritsa zomwe amayembekezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti myopia isamayende bwino.
2. Kusawoneka bwino kwa "zithunzi" zosayang'ana mbali imodzi: Magalasi apamwamba osayang'ana mbali imodzi amapanga kuwala komwe sikumayang'ana mbali imodzi komanso kosiyana. Ngati chizindikiro chomwe chili patsogolo pa retina chili chowonekera bwino kwambiri, chingasankhidwe ngati chizindikiro chachikulu chowonera pafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi zomwe zikubwera zikhale zosayang'ana mbali imodzi.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito magalasi osakhala a micro-defocus:
1. Kupangitsa ubongo kukhala ndi zovuta zojambulira zithunzi posapanga cholinga, ana sadzayang'ana kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma lens ang'onoang'ono, koma adzasankha okha kuyang'ana mbali zomveka bwino pakati pa dera lapakati ndi mphepete mwa nyanja.
2. Kupanga myopic defocus yokhala ndi m'lifupi ndi makulidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti myopia igwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti myopia igwire bwino ntchito.
3. Zoopsa Zowonera Pogwiritsa Ntchito Magalasi Ang'onoang'ono Ozungulira
Nkhawa yaikulu ndi magalasi owongolera myopia okhala ndi ma lens ang'onoang'ono ndi yakuti ana angayang'ane kwambiri zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito ma lens ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zotsatirazi:
1. Kusankha chizindikiro chachikulu chowonera pafupi
2. Kuona zinthu molakwika
3. Kuvala kwa nthawi yayitali kumakhudza kusintha
4. Zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kosazolowereka ndi kufananiza kogwirizana
5. Kulephera kulamulira bwino myopia poyang'ana zinthu zapafupi
Pomaliza
Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma lens a micro-defocus okhala ndi ma multi-focus, kusankha yoyenera kumakhala kovuta. Mosasamala kanthu za kapangidwe ka lens, cholinga chake ndikupanga chithunzi chomveka bwino pa retina pamene tikusunga chizindikiro chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika cha myopic defocus kutsogolo kwa retina kuti tichepetse kupita patsogolo kwa myopia ndi kutalika kwa axial ya maso. Luso, ukadaulo, ndi kutsimikizira khalidwe la ma lens a micro-defocus okhala ndi ma multi-focus ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ma lens osalimba samangolephera kuchepetsa kupita patsogolo kwa myopia ndi kutalika kwa axial koma kuvala kwa nthawi yayitali kungakhudze kusintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufananiza kosazolowereka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-21-2024