Astigmatism ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a maso, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kwa cornea.Astigmatism nthawi zambiri imapangidwa mwachilengedwe, ndipo nthawi zina, astigmatism imatha kuchitika ngati chalazion ya nthawi yayitali ikakamiza diso kwa nthawi yayitali.Astigmatism, monga myopia, ndi yosasinthika.Nthawi zambiri, astigmatism pamwamba pa madigiri 300 amatchedwa mkulu astigmatism.
Pali mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi magalasi apamwamba a astigmatism, makamaka kwa ana ndi achinyamata.Mu ntchito yeniyeni, akatswiri athu a maso nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi astigmatism.Ndikofunika kwambiri kusankha magalasi oyenera ndi mafelemu.
Kusiyana kwa kulingalira pakati pa astigmatism ndi myopia
Maonekedwe a cornea ndi osasinthasintha, osati ozungulira koma ellipsoidal.Mphamvu refractive mu malangizo ofukula ndi yopingasa malangizo ndi osiyana.Chotsatira chake, kuwala kwakunja kutatha kutsutsidwa ndi cornea, sikungathe kupanga cholinga pamene ikulowa mkati mwa diso.M'malo mwake, imapanga mzere wolunjika, womwe umapangitsa kuti retina ifike Kuwoneka kosawoneka bwino, kumayambitsa kutayika kwa masomphenya.Mavuto a astigmatism, makamaka astigmatism wofatsa, sangakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa masomphenya, koma kuchuluka kwa astigmatism kudzakhudza kwambiri masomphenya.
Myopia imachitika pamene kuwala kwakunja kofanana kumalowa m'diso ndikusinthidwa ndi dongosolo la diso.Cholinga cha chithunzicho sichingagwere pa retina, zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kusawona bwino patali.Pali kusiyana kofunikira pakujambula kwa myopia ndi astigmatism, komanso ndizosiyana kwambiri pazowonera zenizeni.Anthu ambiri sadziwa mokwanira za izi, zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo.
Pali odwala ochepa omwe ali ndi astigmatism yosavuta, ndipo ambiri a iwo ali ndi astigmatism pafupi kapena kutali ndi astigmatism.M'kati mwa optometry, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka zowongolera zolembedwa ndi dokotala potengera kusiyana kwa chithunzi pakati pa astigmatism ndi myopia.
Tanthauzo ndi mawonetseredwe apamwamba astigmatism
Kuopsa kwa astigmatism kumagawidwa malinga ndi digiri.Astigmatism yomwe ili pansi pa madigiri 150 ndi astigmatism wofatsa, astigmatism pakati pa 150 ndi 300 madigiri ndi astigmatism yapakati, ndipo astigmatism pamwamba pa madigiri 300 ndi astigmatism apamwamba.Kuchuluka kwa astigmatism kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri m'maso mwathu:
1. Kupweteka kwamutu, maso opweteka, ndi zina zotero: Astigmatism yapamwamba popanda kuwongolera nthawi zambiri imayambitsa mutu, maso opweteka, ndi zina zotero. Zingayambitsenso maonekedwe oipa monga kupendekeka kwa mutu.Chifukwa chake, omwe ali ndi astigmatism yayikulu ayenera kuwongoleredwa.
2. Kutopa kowonekera: Chifukwa cha mphamvu yosiyana ya meridian iliyonse, astigmatism sangapange cholinga pamene ikuwunikira kuwala kofanana, koma mizere iwiri yokhazikika, kotero ubongo umatha kutanthauzira mosankha zinthu.Kuti muwone mawonekedwe ake bwino, astigmatism iyenera kusinthidwa momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse kukula kwa bwalo la kufalikira kuti chithunzicho chikhale bwino.Kutsika kwa astigmatism, ngati sikukonzedwa bwino kapena popanda magalasi, kungayambitse kupweteka kwa mutu, kutopa kwa maso ndi zizindikiro zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukhala ndi kutopa kwa maso..
3. Kusawona bwino kwa zinthu zapafupi ndi zakutali: Anthu amene ali ndi vuto losaona bwino zinthu zakutali komanso zapafupi.Odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chizolowezi chotseka zikope zawo theka ndikuyang'ana m'mipata kuti azitha kuwona bwino zinthu.momveka bwino.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa maso: M'maso a astigmatic, chandamale choyang'ana kutali ndi mzere wapakati pa retina chimakhala chopepuka, m'mphepete mwake mudzazimiririka, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira.Masomphenyawo adzachepa, ndipo pazovuta kwambiri, masomphenya awiri adzachitika.Kuphatikiza pa physiological astigmatism, mitundu yonse ya astigmatism imatha kuyambitsa kutayika kwa masomphenya.
5. Kupanikizika kwa diso: Astigmatism imakonzedwa ndi magalasi wamba kapena ma lens.Ngati zoopsa ndi ma chalazion pazikope sizimathandizidwa munthawi yake, zimapondereza diso kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuyambitsa astigmatism.Nthawi zina, astigmatism imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi pseudomyopia.Dziwani kuti gawo la pseudomyopia liyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo astigmatism ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi magalasi.
6. Amblyopia: Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri astigmatism, makamaka hyperopic astigmatism.Chifukwa ndizovuta kuwona kutali ndi pafupi momveka bwino, ndipo masomphenya sangathe kuchitidwa, amblyopia imakonda kuchitika, ndiyeno strabismus imakonda kuchitika.
Magalasi a astigmatic kwambiri
Magalasi a astigmatic kwambiri ndi ovuta kupanga chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zakuya.Chifukwa chake, astigmatism yapamwamba imatha kukhala ndi magalasi apamwamba a refractive index ndi mapangidwe a aspherical, kuti asawonekere okhuthala kwambiri.Zindikirani kuti magalasi okhala ndi astigmatism apamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magalasi osiyanasiyana.Kukwera kwa astigmatism, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kusintha, ndipo magawo ovuta kwambiri amafunika kupangidwa.Pa astigmatism yapamwamba kwambiri, magawo a chimango amafunikanso kuperekedwa kuti athandizire kupanga mandala.
Posankha mafelemu, muyenera kuganiziranso mawonekedwe apadera a ultra-high astigmatism.Popeza makulidwe a m'mphepete mwa magalasi a astigmatism amasiyana kwambiri, muyenera kusamala kwambiri posankha mafelemu.Sankhani mafelemu enieni a titaniyamu kapena aloyi a titaniyamu okhala ndi ma diameter ang'onoang'ono opingasa komanso kulimba kwazinthu.Mutha kusankhanso ma acetate fiber kapena mafelemu a mbale okhala ndi shrinkage yabwino.dikirani.
Sizoyenera kusankha mafelemu opanda frameless kapena theka-frame.Ndi bwino kusankha mafelemu athunthu.Mukamakonza ndi kupanga, perekani chidwi chapadera ku vuto la kupatuka kwa mandala komwe kumasintha astigmatism axis ya mandala chifukwa chaukadaulo wosakwanira komanso zida zokhazikika.
Momwe mungasankhire mafelemu a astigmatic kwambiri:
A. Ikani patsogolo zinthu zopepuka
Kulemera kwa chimango ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kulemera kwa magalasi.Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi myopia yayikulu, posankha mafelemu, mutha kuyang'ana kwambiri zinthu monga titaniyamu woyera, tungsten carbon, mapepala owonda, ndi TR90.Mafelemu opangidwa ndi zinthuzi nthawi zambiri amakhala opepuka komanso osavuta kuvala.Zabwino kwambiri, zolimba komanso zosapunduka mosavuta.
B.Full frame> Half frame> Frameless frame
High astigmatism nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magalasi okulirapo, ndipo mafelemu opanda mipiringidzo komanso opanda mipiringidzo amawonetsa magalasi, zomwe sizimangokhudza mawonekedwe, komanso zimapangitsa kuti mafelemu azikhala osavuta kupunduka, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha pakati pa magalasi ndi ma astigmatism axis. magalasi, okhudza kuwongolera.Anthu omwe ali ndi astigmatism amakhala bwino posankha mafelemu athunthu.
C. Chimango chachikulu sichosankha chabwino
Anthu omwe amavala magalasi azithunzi zazikulu kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kuona kuchepa komanso kuchepa kwa masomphenya.Kuwavala kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse chizungulire ndi chizungulire.Magalasi amafelemu akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera ndipo si oyenera anthu omwe ali ndi myopia yapamwamba.Kuvala iwo kwa nthawi yaitali adzaika mavuto aakulu pa mphuno, zomwe zingachititse kuti mapindikidwe a mlatho wa mphuno pakapita nthawi.
Pali magawo ambiri ofunikira a optometry ndi magalasi, monga diopter ndi interpupillary mtunda.Mukavala magalasi azithunzi zazikulu, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ngati mtunda wofanana ndi pakati pa magalasi awiriwo ukugwirizana ndi mtunda wa mboni ya diso lanu.Ngati pali kupatuka, ngakhale kulembedwa kwa magalasi kuli kolondola, mumamva bwino mutavala magalasiwo.Yesetsani kusankha chimango chokhala ndi galasi laling'ono m'lifupi, ndipo yesetsani kusunga mtunda wapamwamba ndi wocheperako, kuti chitonthozo chisachepe chifukwa cha zotumphukira mapindikidwe.
D. Sankhani chimango chokhala ndi mtunda wapafupi pakati pa magalasi a maso.
Mtunda wa diso ndi diso umatanthawuza mtunda wapakati pa vertex yakumbuyo ya lens ndi kutsogolo kwa cornea.Ma lens owongolera astigmatism ndi ma lens a cylindrical.Ngati mtunda wa diso-diso ukuwonjezeka, mphamvu yowonongeka idzachepa (pamwamba pa digiri, kuchepetsa kwambiri), ndipo masomphenya okonzedwanso adzachepa.kuchepa.Mtunda pakati pa magalasi a magalasi a astigmatic kwambiri uyenera kukhala wochepa momwe ungathere.Pankhani ya kusankha kalembedwe kazithunzi ndi kusintha kwa chimango, muyenera kuyesa kusankha mapepala a mphuno kapena magalasi okhala ndi mtunda wapafupi pakati pa magalasi a maso.
E. Osasankha mafelemu okhala ndi akachisi owonda kwambiri
Ngati akachisi ali ochepa kwambiri, mphamvu yakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa chimango idzakhala yosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chimangocho chikhale cholemera kwambiri ndikuyika kulemera kwakukulu pa mlatho wa mphuno, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magalasi azitha kuyenda. pansi mosavuta ndi kumakhudza kuvala chitonthozo.Ngati muli ndi astigmatism (makamaka omwe ali ndi astigmatism ochepa kwambiri), posankha magalasi, muyenera kusankha mafelemu omwe ali oyenera mtunda wa interpupillary.
Chikoka cha astigmatism olamulira malo pa magalasi
Astigmatism axis osiyanasiyana ndi 1-180 madigiri.Ndiyang'ana pa kusankha mafelemu a 180 ndi 90 astigmatism nkhwangwa.
Choyamba tiyenera kudziwa kuti astigmatism olamulira ali pa 180 °, ndiye makulidwe ndi 90 ° (molunjika mbali).Choncho, kutalika kwa chimango cha chimango chomwe timasankha sikuyenera kukhala chokwera.Ngati tisankha chimango chokhala ndi chimango chochepa, makulidwe olowera kumtunda amachoka, ndipo magalasi omwe amabwera mwachilengedwe amakhala opepuka komanso ochepa.(Ngati chimangocho chili chokwera, chidzakhala chozungulira; ngati chimango chili chochepa, chidzakhala chofanana.)
M'malo mwake, ngati malo olamulira ndi 90 makulidwe adzakhala 180 (yopingasa mbali).Nthawi zambiri gawo lathu lakuda kwambiri liri kunja, ndipo makulidwe a astigmatism amawonjezeredwa kunja, kotero makulidwewo amakokomeza.Chifukwa chake, chimangocho chikuyenera kukhala chocheperako komanso chocheperako, ndiye kuti, kuyandikira kuchuluka kwa ma lens m'lifupi + m'lifupi mwake ndi mtunda wa interpupillary, kucheperako kudzakhala.Ndikofunikira kusankha mandala apamwamba kuti makulidwe ake asawonekere.
Popanga magalasi, "chitonthozo" ndi "kumveka bwino" nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsutsana komanso zovuta kugwirizanitsa.Kutsutsana uku kumawonekera kwambiri pamagalasi okhala ndi astigmatism.Kumveketsa kumafuna kusintha, koma chitonthozo sichikutanthauza kumveka bwino.Mwachitsanzo, kusavala magalasi ndikosavuta kwambiri, koma sikumveka bwino.
Magalasi okhala ndi astigmatism apamwamba amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo amafunikira kuwunika bwino kwa optometry ndi kulembedwa kwamankhwala.Mukakumana ndi astigmatism yayikulu, muyenera kulabadira kufananiza kwa chimango / mandala ndi digiri ya astigmatism ndi malo ozungulira kuti mupewe madandaulo amakasitomala komanso kusapeza bwino chifukwa cha zovuta zazinthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-17-2023